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St. Mary's Church
(1) and Church Close formed the heart of
the medieval town. The church, on the site of the Anglo-Saxon minster, was
formerly dedicated to St. Beornwald, an obscure Anglo-Saxon saint who may
have headed the community. In 1069 Leofric, Bishop of Devon gave it, and
the rest of his land at Bampton, to the see of Exeter. Herringbone masonry
in the base of the tower may be pre-Conquest, but the church was largely
rebuilt in the late 12th century, perhaps after Empress Matilda
fortified it against King Stephen. Later remodellings include the spire
(13th century), nave and transepts (early 14th
century), chancel (late 15th century), and horde chapel (16th
century). The shrine of St. Beornwald is probably in the North transept.
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Cobb House, a former vicarage, rebuilt in 1799.
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Kilmore House, probably originally built in the 17th
century as a vicarage, and re-modelled in the 19th century.
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Churchgate House, built as a vicarage - Bampton had
three resident vicars from the 13th through the 19th
century – during the 18th century, and extended in the 19th
century.
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Wood House, built in the 17th century for
the Wood family, and reportedly the scene of hauntings until it was
re-roofed in the 19th century.
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The Deanery was the manor house for the dean and
chapter of Exeter’s Bampton estate, and it was originally let to canons
of Exeter, and later local gentry. The house, radically altered since the
Middle Ages, retains part of an 11th or 12 century range at
basement level. Most of the windows are 17th century and later.
In the Middle Ages there were extensive farm buildings and a large
gateway.
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Landells, named from the 14th century
Laundels family, marks the line of an early enclosure surrounding the
minster precinct. Laundels’ court (or house) stood near here, built in
circa 1465.
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Manor Cottage, built around 1654 took its name from
Bampton Manor.
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Bampton Manor is a post-medieval manor house of the
lords of Bampton Deanery manor as lessees of the Exeter see. The central
block was rebuilt c.1806 by Edward Whitaker, retaining remodelled 17th-century
wings on either side. The South front and ‘gothick’ porch are 19th
century.
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New Road was laid out c.1821 at enclosure, and follows
the line of a lane which led East to Bampton’s open fields. Broad Street
perhaps follows the early boundary around the minster precinct, marking
the continuation into Bampton of the Widford-Bampton saltway, linking
Bampton with Droitwich (Worcs.) where Bampton had salt rights in 1086.
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The Elms, incorporating part of a 17th-century
house, has a fine mid-18th-century front. The North side wall
contains a re-used arrow slit from Bampton Castle. The house was a
boarding school for girls in the late 19th century.
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Waterloo House is early 19th century.
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Cheapside, from the old English ceap or market
funnels into the market place, which is probably itself 13th-century.
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Bell Cottage, in origin, a small, timber-framed, late
medieval house with cruck trusses. Such houses were probably common in
medieval Bampton before stone became the norm from the 17th
century.
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Lavender Square, so named in 1826, contains Haytor
house, with a pedimented porch on the West side, and was built by the
solicitor James Rose in c.1830.
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Queen (formerly catte) Street, was the site of
an unidentified chantry chapel in 1402. The houses include Blackthorn
Cottage, a 17th to 18th century dwelling.
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Bampton House on Bushey Row, is early 18th
century, re-modelled c.1800, for the lawyer, John Mander.
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Numbers 6-10 Bushey Row are probably 18th
century.
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Converted 18th-century dovecote on Bushey
Row.
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Lime Tree House, built early 18th century.
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Beam Cottage, built on the site of St. Andrew’s
chapel ‘of Beme’, and mentioned in the 14th century. Late
Saxon burials, and Saxon, Roman, and Iron Age finds suggest that this was
the focus of early Bampton, and it is a distinct possibility that it is
from this that the town got its name. The cottage is now surrounded by a
modern housing estate.
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The Grange, on the High Street, was enlarged piecemeal
during the 20th century, but incorporates fragments of a much
earlier house.
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The Baptist Chapel, built in c.1778, was associated
with an important chapel at Cote. The building is no longer used as a
chapel.
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The Morris Clown opened as The George in 1811, and was
later re-named the New Inn.
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Grayshott House was built around 1700 for a prosperous
maltster and dairy farmer.
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Market Square is dominated by the Town Hall, built in
1838 by the local builder James Pettifer to a design by George Wilkinson.
The groundfloor arcade, which was originally planned as an open market
house, was blocked in during the late 19th century.
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South of the Market Square, probably on an earlier
road-line, stood the medieval house for Bampton Doilly Manor, which is
mentioned in the Domesday Book. Pottery from the 12th century
has been found in the area, but the present buildings are relatively
modern.
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The Talbot Inn, so named in 1668, is named after the
lords of the other chief manor, the Earls of Shrewsbury from 1442.
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The Horse Shoe Inn, rebuilt around 1925 was an inn in
1773.
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Knapps Farm. The thatched part was built as a
timber-framed, late medieval open hall, and has similar characteristics to
Bell Cottage.
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The Methodist Chapel was built in 1892.
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Ham Court incorporates part of the West gatehouse and
curtain wall of Bampton Castle. The castle was built around 1315 by Aylmer
de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, but was mostly demolished prior to 1789.
Aylmer’s father, William, Lord of Bampton, built an earlier hall on this
site, and may have been the site of the Anglo-Saxon royal manor house.
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College Farm, rebuilt around 1700, but incorporating
earlier features, was acquired by Jesus College, Oxford, in 1687.
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Weald Manor, a 17th-century farmhouse, was
re-modelled in grand classical style by the Coxeters, who were landowners
and lawyers, around 1742. It acquired its name in the 19th
century, when it was used as a private school for the gentry, and was
never actually a manor house.
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The Gothic-style National School, on Church View, was
designed by William Wilkinson in 1864. The datestone of 1871 denotes the
transfer of the freehold.
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The former Grammar School, now the library, was
completed in 1653 with money bequeathed in 1635 by Robert Veysey of
Chimney. Nearby, until the 19th century were two malthouses.
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Thatched Cottage, in Church Street, is another late
medieval, timber-framed hall-house, later encased in stone.